Chapter 7 & 8

Input and Output

  Ø  Input

§  any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer

§  Keyboard

·         contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer or mobile device

§  Pointing devices

·         a small symbol on the screen whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device

·         touchpad is a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion

·         A pointing stick is a pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a mobile computer keyboard

·         trackball is a stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side

§  Touch screens

·         a touch-sensitive display device

§  Pen Input

·         touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections

·         graphics tablet is an electronic plastic board that detects and converts movements of a style or digital pen into signals that are sent to the computer

§  Motion Input

·         sometimes called gesture recognition, users can guide on-screen elements using air gestures

§  Voice Input

·         the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone

§  Audio Input

·         the process of entering any sound into the computer such as speech, music, and sound effects

·         Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds

§  Video Input

·         the process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer or mobile device’s storage medium

§  Scanners and Reading Devices

·         A scanner is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form the computer can process

·         optical reader is a device that uses a light source to read characters,  marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process

·         A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner uses laser beams to read bar codes

·         A QR code stores information in both a vertical and horizontal direction

  Ø  Output

§  data that has been processed into a useful form

§  Display

·         visually conveys text, graphics, and video information

·         A monitor is a display that is packaged as a separate peripheral device

§  Printers

·         produces text and graphics on a physical medium

·         Nonimpact printer, ink-jet printer, all-in-one printer, thermal printer, mobile printer, label printer, Plotters, Large-format printers and Impact printers is an example of printer.

§  Other Output Devices

·         Speaker, headphone and earbuds for output of sound

·         Data projector for output of display image or video

Digital Storage

  Ø  Storage means amedium is the physical material on which a computer keeps data, information, programs, and applications

  Ø  Cloud storage is another storage option, in which the actual online storage media used is transparent to the user

  Ø  Storage have a capacity to store data. Capacity is the number of bytes a storage medium can hold

  Ø  Items on a storage medium remain intact even when you turn off a computer or mobile device

  Ø  Access time

  Ø  Hard disk contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information

§  head crash occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter

  Ø  External hard disk is a separate freestanding storage device that connects with a cable to a USB port or other port on a computer or mobile device

  Ø  Flash memory chips are a type of solid state media and contain no moving parts

  Ø  Memory card is a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer

  Ø  USB flash drives plug into a USB port on a computer or mobile device

  Ø  Cloud storage is an Internet service that provides storage to computer  or mobile device users

  Ø  Optical disc consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser 

  Ø  A magnetic stripe card contains a magnetic stripe that stores information

  Ø  A smart card stores data on an integrated circuit embedded in the card

  Ø  Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

§  The RFID tag consists of an antenna and a memory chip that contains the information to be transmitted via radio waves. An RFID reader reads the radio signal and transfers the information to a computer or computing device

  Ø  Microfilm and microfiche store microscopic images of documents on a roll or sheet film